ABSTRACT
RESUMO A ampliação do acesso à prevenção e controle do câncer bucal demanda a construção de uma rede intermunicipal de cuidado e a Comissão Intergestores Bipartite (CIB) tem papel central nesse processo. Objetiva-se analisar, sob a ótica da Teoria da Estruturação, a participação da CIB na estruturação da prevenção e controle do câncer bucal no Sistema Único de Saúde, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Realizou-se um estudo de caso exploratório, com análise de documentos da CIB do Rio de Janeiro entre 1996 e 2019. A coleta dos dados foi realizada no primeiro trimestre de 2020. Foram analisados 739 documentos pelas categorias: Constituição da rede de saúde; Financiamento das ações de saúde; Qualificação profissional em saúde. As discussões na CIB se mostraram limitadas devido uma característica mais municipalista e menos regionalizada no estado. O acesso ao tratamento rendeu debates que contribuíram com a expansão, mesmo que limitada, da rede hospitalar e com a reorganização da regulação. Identificou-se que esse espaço formal de negociação e decisão intergestores se transformou em um espaço meramente informativo ou deliberativo pro forma, o que traz limitações para estruturação das ações regionais de prevenção e controle do câncer bucal no estado do Rio de Janeiro.
ABSTRACT Expanding access to oral cancer prevention and control requires constructing an inter-municipal care network. The Bipartite Intermanagement Commission (CIB) plays a central role in this process. This study aims to analyze, from the perspective of the Structuring Theory, the participation of the CIB in structuring oral cancer prevention and control actions within the scope of the Unified Health System, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This exploratory case study analyzes documents from the CIB of Rio de Janeiro between 1996 and 2019. Data collection and extraction took place in the first quarter of 2020. Two researchers individually analyzed the content of 739 documents in the categories: Constitution of the health network; Financing of health actions; Professional qualification in health. Discussions at the CIB proved to be limited, due to the more municipal and less regionalized characteristics adopted by the state for oral health. Access to treatment gave rise to debates that contributed to the expansion of the hospital network and the reorganization of regulation, even if limited. This formal space for inter-manager negotiation and decision-making has become a merely informative or pro forma deliberative space, which brings limitations to the structuring of regional actions for the prevention and control of oral cancer in the state of Rio de Janeiro.
ABSTRACT
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: First care providers working in the Brazilian Unified Health System are often physicians from the Family Health Program. Their knowledge on ophthalmology could indicate whether there is a need for training to decrease ophthalmological demands to secondary or tertiary health levels. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study based on an electronic questionnaire was conducted to evaluate the ophthalmological knowledge of Family Health Program physicians working at the VI Regional Health Department, Sao Paulo, Brazil. All Family Health Program physicians from this regional health department were invited, and the study included those who responded to the full questionnaire (115 physicians). The data were evaluated using descriptive analysis. RESULTS: There was no difference in the ophthalmological knowledge between sexes or in relation to undergraduate schools. Only 20% of the interviewees were specialized in Family and Community Medicine, which did not influence the number of correct answers. Only 22 (19.1%) physicians reported having enough knowledge about the main eye disorders, and 82 (71.3%) physicians considered themselves capable of treating ophthalmological emergencies. However, acute glaucoma was recognized by only 51 (44.3%) physicians, and eye perforations could only be handled by 65 (56.5%) of them. In addition, only 47 (40.9%) participants correctly answered that congenital cataracts should be operated right after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Family Health Program physicians working as first care providers in the Health System in Brazil presented poor ophthalmological knowledge. Providing training on ophthalmology may improve the ophthalmological care at the primary level within SUS and reduce the case demands at other healthcare levels.